MPSC Reproductive system(प्रजनन संस्था)-MPSC Biology science notes
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Reproductive system(प्रजनन संस्था)
Table Of Contain-Mpsc Reproductive system(प्रजनन संस्था)
Introduction of Reproductive system
By Shubham Vyawahare
17-December-2024
➤ All Living organism are useful to maintain a life cycle.
➤ But the all living organism have its own life cycle,work,and reproduction procedure.
➤ Some Species took 9 month to develop a body and some take a very less time to generate.
➤ All living organism have its own body structure to reproduce same species like own.
➤ Each organism create a same species like a its own to maintain life cycle of a living world.
➤ This is the process of maintaining the living organism world.
✪ Types Of Reproductive System ✪
➤ Reproduction is the process of regeneration.
➤ But it depends on a body process of a living organism.
➤ Each of the living organism has its own structure and body cycle.
➤ Reproduction Depends on Body structure of species
✪ Asexual Reproduction ✪
➤ The Process of production in which only one parent is present.
- Types Of Asexual reproduction in unicellular living Organism
- Types Of Asexual reproduction in multicellular living Organism
✪Types Of Asexual reproduction in unicellular living Organism✪
➤There are some methods of reproduction in a Unicellular Living Organism.
1.Binary Fission
➤ Fission Means a process of dividation of a body into different parts. ➤The Process of division of cell in part is a Binary Fission.
➤ The new born cell has a same functionalities like parent cell.
➤ It has capacity to work like a parent cell.
➤ It can be a symmetric or asymmetric fission.
➤ It can be a horizontal or vertical fission.
➤ Example Horizontal Fission-para-magnesium,Algae. ➤ Example Vertical Fission-euglena.
2.Multiple Fission
➤Division of a single entity into two or more parts and the regeneration.
➤Ameaba Perform a Multiple Fission.
➤ each contain a nucleus..
➤ Example Amoeba,Plasmodium.
3.Budding
➤Parent Creates a Bud on its body and new Body genrates from that bud is called as process of budding.
➤ Species buds may be produced from almost any point of the body.
➤ The initial protuberance of proliferating cytoplasm or cells, the bud, eventually develops into an organism duplicating the parent.
➤A method of plant production in which the buds of the plant to be propagated are transplanted onto the stem of another plant.
➤ Example -Yeast.
✪Types Of Asexual reproduction in Multicellular living Organism✪
Fragmentation
➤ Fragmentation in multicellular organisms is a form of asexual reproduction in which an organism is split into May parts
➤ There are also several hundred minor salivary glands throughout the mouth and throat.
➤ Saliva drains into the mouth through small tubes called ducts
➤ Ptyalin enzyme is an amylase enzyme produced by the salivary glands (salivary glands)
➤ ptyalin which is capable of breaking down starch into simpler sugars such as maltose and dextrin that can be further broken down in the small intestine
➤ Amylase enzyme basically found in a human mouth
➤ There are 4 types of salivary glands found in mammals
➤ Parotid Gland
➤ submandibular Gland
➤ Sublingual Gland
➤ Zygomatic Gland
Regenration
➤Generation by divedation.
➤ regeneration is the process of renewal, restoration, and tissue growth that makes genomes, cells, organisms, and ecosystems.
Budding
➤Hydra perform a Process of budding.
Cloning
➤ The process of production of a Multicellular living organism by taking a producer cell from the parent by biotechnological procedure is a cloning.
➤Dolly is the first Cloned Sheep.
✪ Reproduction In Human ✪
➤ Regeneration process of a human.
➤ This is design As per the humans Body.
Reproduction In Man
Testis Epididymis
➤ The epididymis is a narrow, tightly wound tube that connects the back of the testicle to the vas deferens
➤ Epididymis consists of three parts: head, body and tail
➤ It stored immature sperms.
Vasa Deferens
➤ A thick-walled tube in the male reproductive system that transports sperm cells from the epididymis
➤ where the sperm are stored prior to ejaculation
➤ transport sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory ducts
➤2.lypez: Convert Fats into Fatty acid
Seminal Vesicle
➤ Seminal vesicles are two small glands that store and produce most of the fluid that makes up semen
➤ fructose, a sugar that provides sperm with energy. ➤ proteins like semenogelin, which forms a gel-like protective layer around sperm phosphorus and potassium, which help sperm move
➤ alkaline fluid, which helps to neutralize the acidic nature of the male urethra and the female vagina
Penis
➤The penis is the male sex organ.
➤ In uncircumcised men, the glans is covered with pink wet tissue called mucosa
➤ Cavernous body: A column of spongy tissue that extends along the front of the penis to the glans penis. It fills with blood during erection, keeping the urethra-running through it-open.
➤ The large intestine or colon has one primary role, water and electrolyte absorption to concentrate the stool. It plays little role in metabolism and people can live full lives without their large intestine.
Sperm
➤ Sperm Content 3 parts
➤ 1. Head-Store Genetic Information
➤ 2. Middle Part- Generates a Energy.
➤ 3. Tail- Use to transfer.
Reproduction In Woman
Vagina
➤ The vagina is a flexible muscle tube with soft and elastic lining, which can be lubricated and felt
➤ The vagina connects the uterus to the outside world
Uterus
➤ The uterus is a hollow muscular organ in the female pelvis located between the bladder and rectum
➤ The uterus, also called the uterus, is an inverted pear-shaped muscular organ of the female reproductive system, located between the bladder and rectum
➤ Used to nourish and hold the fertilized egg until the fetus or offspring is ready for delivery.
OviDuct
➤ Located in the human female abdominal cavity, it can transport male sperm cells to eggs, provide a suitable fertilization environment, and transport eggs from the ovaries
➤ The tube is approximately 10-12 cm long
➤ The ampulla constitutes about two-thirds the total length, and is the site of fertilization.
➤ The isthmus is a narrow, medial segment adjacent to the uterus.
Ovary
➤ Ovary produces egg cells, called ovum or oocyte
➤ The oocytes are then transported to the fallopian tube where fertilization by a sperm may occur
➤ During menopause, the female reproductive system gradually stops making the female hormones necessary for the reproductive cycle to work
Menstrual Cycle
➤ The four phases of the menstrual cycle are menstruation, follicular phase, ovulation and luteal phase.➤ The menstrual cycle is a natural change that often occurs in the female reproductive system, making it possible for people to become pregnant.
➤ The menstrual cycle is the monthly hormonal cycle for the female body to prepare for pregnancy. From the first day of menstruation to the first day of the next menstruation, your menstrual cycle is counted.
➤ This is 3 to 5 days process.
➤ there are 28 day period in two cycles.
Birth Procedure
➤ Female Gamete and Male Gamete Mix together and produce Zygote.
➤ Fertilization take place in women Oviduct.
➤ This is long 9 month procedure
➤ The unborn offspring of mammals in the later stages of development, especially humans born eight weeks after fertilization
Pair Of Chromosomes
➤ Chromosomes are DNA molecules that have part or all of the genetic material of an organism.
➤ Most eukaryotic chromosomes include packaging proteins that bind to and condense DNA molecules with the help of molecular chaperones to prevent them from becoming difficult to handle tangles.
➤ Each cell usually contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, a total of 46.
Birth Control Techniques
➤ Use OF Condoms
➤ Copper T
➤ Abortion
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